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This paper is dealing with the dynamics of nominal wages in the french industry, for the period 1953-1964. A sectorial analysis of the relation between increases in wages and the rate of unemployment is leading to the distinction of two groups of sectors : ― for a first group of industries (high wages — high degree of concentration — powerful labor-unions), the state of the competition on the labor-market does not look as to influence in the short run the dynamics of wages. On the other hand, increases in wages seem to be strongly influenced by the evolution of the situation of the product market (price, production, productivity) ; ― for a second group of industries (low wages — low degree of concentration — weak labor-unions), increases in wages are hightly correlated with the state of the competition on the labor-market. Such a duality in sectorial behaviors is suggesting more complete analysis of the relations between employment level, increases in average wage and cyclical changes of wage discrepancies.