SETTING AIDS and tuberculosis center in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. OBJECTIVE To measure the effectiveness of tuberculosis retreatment with the standard regimen (2HRZES/1HRZE/5HRE) in HIV-infected adults. DESIGN Cohort study. RESULTS Of 1,318 HIV-infected patients with access to antiretroviral therapy following World Health Organization guidelines, 56 were diagnosed with recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis and retreated with the standard regimen. Ten patients (18%) died during retreatment, 3 patients (5%) defaulted, and 2 patients (4%) failed. Forty-one patients (73%) had a good retreatment outcome (cure, treatment completed). Of these, 8 patients (20%) died during follow-up, 5 patients (12%) were lost, and 5 patients (12%) had a second recurrence of tuberculosis. Only 26 (46%) of the 56 patients remained alive, in-care, and TB-free after a median of 36 months follow-up. CONCLUSION HIV-infected patients treated for recurrent tuberculosis with the standard retreatment regimen have a high mortality and poor long-term outcomes.