The redistribution of industries in the suburbs There was no let-up in the dispersion of industrial activities to the industrial space around the cities during the period of weak production growth, but from now on this process concerns only middle-size firms. An analysis of the circumstances of such transfers in several French cities brings out the close relationship between these moves and the dynamism of the firm : the redistribution is an integral aspect of the growth process and is therefore most pronounced in expanding branches such as mechanics and electrical construction. Surveys carried out among industrialists show that, while the decisive criteria for new installations usually had to do with the availability of accommodations, the social characteristics of the suburbs are also taken into account. The deepening of social divisions in the suburbs segments the urban employment pool into differentiated areas, valorized by the firms in terms of their own requirements (the qualification and division of labor) : the redistribution and social division of the urban space recompose new periurban structures.

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Paro y espacios urbanos, los ejemplos de Toulouse y Atlanta La observación de la implantación del paro o desempleo en los espacios urbanos permite comprender mejor la segmentación socioeconómica de las ciudades. La comparación entre dos ciudades tan diferentes como Toulouse y Atlanta permite identificar algunos factores permanentes de esta segregación. Donde el desempleo se hace sentir menos es cerca de los espacios en desarrollo económico, con abundancia de empleos muy cualificados. Pero el crecimiento de estos espacios no puede enjugar ni cuantitativa ni, sobre todo, cualitativamente el paro de las zonas con subempleo. Se observa una concentration física de parados en todos los espacios urbanos.