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Summary: Aliogeneic bone marrow grafts carried out after previous administration of antilymphocytic serum alone were attempted in 16 patients. Of these, six had acute myeloblastic leukaemia, four acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, and one a blast cell crisis in polycythaemia vera. Ten of these patients were in an overt phase of the disease and resistant to chemotherapy, while nine had complete agranulocytosis. In five of these patients erythrocyte and leucocyte antigenic markers demonstrated the establishment of the graft. One patient had thalassaemia major, and four others had aplasia of the bone marrow, in one case due to chloramphenicol poisoning and in another to virus hepatitis. The grafts were successful in the last two patients and transformed their clinical condition.No signs of early acute secondary disease were noted in any of the patients, either when the donor had been given antilymphocytic serum or when he was untreated. The grafts had no adoptive immunotherapeutic effect on the acute leukaemia. These observations have clearly shown that antilymphocytic serum has an immunosuppressive effect in man when it is used alone.

SUMMARY.-On the basis of histological sections and cytological smears in 110 cases, the " reticulosarcomas " (exclusive of Ewing's sarcoma and reticulosarcomas of bone marrow) were divided into two varieties: histiocytic types and histioblastic types.The correlation between the histological and cytological evaluation was excellent in each case; only those tumours classified as histiocytic presented a continuous and abundant network of reticulin.The histioblastic type predominated in the male sex. The difference in the clinical expressions of the two varieties is not statistically significant, except as to the frequency of cutaneous lesions: 27.7% in the histiocytic type and 2 6% in the histioblastic type.While the duration of their evolution is not different, only the histioblastic type is transformed into leukaemia, which is of the " monoblastic " type: this transformation was observed in 17.5% of cases, while it was never observed in histiocytic type.

MEDIBCRAITIOA volunteers, and a British strain in doses ranging from 10' to 106 EID.0 to 30 volunteers. One month later 75 of the vaccinated volunteers were given 104 EID50 of the British vaccine. In addition, 55 volunteers with neutralizing antibody were given 107 EID50 of the Iksha vaccine by drops or spray, and 53 volunteers were given the same dose of vaccine inactivated with formalin.Of the volunteers without antibody 41% had mild respiratory symptoms after the first dose, and 8% after the challenging dose; 9 % of the volunteers with antibody who were given live vaccine had similar symptoms.Virus was recovered from 25% of the volunteers without antibody after the first dose of vaccine, and from 5 % after the challenging dose. Immediately before the challenging dose of vaccine 21% of the volunteers showed fourfold or greater haemagglutination-inhibition antibody response and 21 % a complement-fixation response; two weeks after the challenging dose the proportions were 29% and 19%, respectively.A much higher proportion of volunteers showed an antibody response after live than after inactivated vaccine.A dose of 10' EID50 of the British vaccine gave similar results to that of 106 or 107 EID50 of the Iksha vaccine.