Textured bismuth titanate, Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 (BiT), was produced by templated grain growth (TGG). Molten-salt-synthesized BiT platelets were dispersed in a matrix of 200 nm BiT powder and aligned by tape casting. Highly textured BiT was obtained with the use of only 5 vol% template particles by sintering at 1000°C for 1 h. The uniformity of the through-thickness texture is much higher than reported in the literature for BiT tapes cast with 100% platelets. Initial platelet alignment is shown to increase because of frequent interaction with the fine powder particles during tape casting. By avoiding pressure densification techniques and using only a small portion of anisometric particles, TGG is a low-cost option for fabricating textured ceramics.

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Dense, textured Bi,Ti,O,, w a s produced bp templated grain growth (TGG). Phase pure nanosized Bi,Ti,O,, powder was prepared b p coprecipitation of an aqueous solution of BiZO, and TiO(0H)CI. Plate-like particles with a s p e c t ratios of 6 -60 were obtained by the molten s a l t method at 1100°C. The plate-like particles were dispersed in the calcined powder and oriented b y tape casting and laminating. The laminates were sintered from 900 -1100°C to obtained textured ceramics up to 96% dense. Texture d e v e l o p m e n t was investigated by x-ray diffraction, and dielectric measurements were made on b o t h templated and untemplated samples.

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These results support the use of TCD monitoring for MES shortly after CEA in order to identify patients at risk of developing ischaemic cerebral complications.