This research aimed to identify the agronomy character of local rice genotype of Aceh as morphological characteristic. The research conducted at the Experimental Garden of Teuku Umar University, Meulaboh West Aceh from September 2016 to March 2017. The materials used in this research are 5 local accessions of local gogo rice of Aceh: Ramos, Dewi, Sigupai, Tinggong, Siputeh, and IR 64 as control. This research used observation method. The growth and production data were presented and analyzed in graphical form. The visual observation data was presented in the form of documentary photographs and described in descriptions. The results showed that the longest plant length at age 20 days after planting (HST), 40 HST, and 60 HST was found in local accession compared to IR 64 varieties. The tillers per clums age of 20 HST were found in Siputeh local accession, while at age 40 HST and 60 HST local accessions were the least number of tillers compared to IR 64 varieties. Long panicle (Dewi), weight of pithy grain (Ramos) and percentage of pithy grain  (Ramos), percentage of empty grain (Ramos), of all best variables are found in local accessions in comparison with IR 64 varieties. The flowering age, weight of 1000 grains, and the number of productive tillers at local accessions are lower than that of IR 64 varieties. Keywords: Character of Agronomy, Gogo Rice, Local Aceh

Shallot is an essential vegetable crop in Indonesia, and its cultivation requires labor and capital intensive. Availability of high yielding and disease resistant shallot varieties will ensure its sustainable production. Haploid breeding should be beneficial for supporting the shallot breeding program. This study aims to identify suitable media for inducing callus growth and subsequent shoots or somatic embryo (SE) regeneration from anther tissues. In this study, successful callus induction was obtained from shallot anther but not for shoots or SE regeneration. The three different flower-sized responses were also investigated, and large flowers (5mm x 3mm) with an average anther length of 1.44 ± 0.04 mm were the best for callus induction. The microscopic observation indicated that large and medium flowers contain most bicellular pollen developmental stages, while small flowers are mostly tetrad stage. It also showed that the bicellular stage was more responsive to callus induction than the tetrad one. Moreover, the C1 medium consisted of MS basal medium supplemented with 3 mg L−1 BAP, 3 mg L−1 NAA, and 30 g/L sucrose was the best medium for inducing callus from anther explant.

This research aimed to observe the appearance of Coix lacryma-jobi L. as affected by number of seeds and plant spacing. Randomized Blok Design comprised of 2 factors (number of seeds, J; plant spacing, T) with 3 replications was arranged, while the parameters included plant height, stem diameter, number of leaf, length and width of leaf. The experiment was conducted at experimental field of Agriculture Faculty in Teuku Umar University, Meulaboh, from March to October 2017. The results showed that the number of seeds significantly affected plant height in 49 days after planting, 63 days after planting, and also showed a significant effect on leaf length in 77 days after planting. Statitical analysis showed the interaction effect among the factors. The most significant effect was observed in plant height and leaf length in 21 days after planting.

Abstract. Irawan J, Dinarti D, Sudarsono, Maharijaya A. 2021. Flowering ability and expression of the shLFY (shallot-LFY) gene in several Indonesian shallot (Allium cepa, aggregatum group) varieties. Biodiversitas 22: 5468-5474. Indonesian shallots (Allium cepa, Aggregatum group) have different flowering abilities. The direction of seed development in the form of true seed shallot (TSS) makes the study of shallot flowering important to support its breeding program. Flowering genes’ presence and their expression demonstrate their significance in inducing flowering. This study aimed to determine the ability of the shLFY gene expression in four shallots varieties (Bima Brebes, Batu Ijo, Biru Lancor, and Sumenep) and the level of expression in each variety during the formation of flower primordia. The research was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with varieties as a single factor, for qRT-PCR relative expression data analysis using ??CT comparative method. The results showed that there were differences in flowering ability and the expression value of the shLFY gene between the tested shallot varieties. These differences also were shown within each variety when the umbels of varying ages were tested. There was a positive correlation between the ability to flower and the shLFY gene expression value. The greater shLFY gene expression will be followed by greater flowering ability. Bima Brebes was the variety with the highest flowering ability (91.66%) and highest shLFY gene expression value between other varieties.

Betel (Pinang) nuts are used as herbs, traditional medicine, and in the beverage industry. Planting materials for Areca nut cultivation are seeds. However, the presence of 2 – 3 months dormancy hampers germination of Areca nut seeds. Therefore, developing alternative strategies to overcome such problems is necessary. This study evaluates Areca nut immature embryo in vitro responses on MS medium having various plant growth regulators. The experiments were set up using a single factor in a complete randomized design. The embryos were planted either on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium (MS0), MS with a combination of BAP (1 ppm) and NAA (0.1 ppm), or MS medium supplemented with GA3 (3 ppm). Areca nut immature embryos planted on a medium containing BAP (1 ppm) and NAA (0.1 ppm) than that on a medium containing GA3 (3 ppm). The germinated embryos were best on medium supplemented with a combination of BAP (1 ppm) and NAA (0.1 ppm). Immature Areca nut embryos planted on MS0 medium were unable to grow. In conclusion, Areca nut immature embryos may be used as explants for this palm tree’s micropropagation, and the embryos germinated well on a medium containing BAP and NAA.