Human resources are one of the driving forces and main determinants of agricultural competitiveness, contributing to its improvement through properly formed and constantly renewed knowledge and skill enhancement of agricultural workers. In the context of scarce natural resources, demographic changes, need for more intensive agricultural production based on modern technology, human resource development in agriculture becomes imperative. The aim of the research is to assess the human resources in agriculture of Serbia through the prism of data available in the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia and World Bank. The research results show fluctuations in the rural population and employees in agriculture in the analysed period, confirming their negative trend and predicting further decrease based on the forecast method. In order to overcome limitations related to the number and qualifications of agricultural employees, the special focus has been given to the formal and informal education of workers in agriculture, ensuring their capability to respond to market needs and future challenges.

The importance of tourism sector in modern conditions and its significant participation in the macroeconomic indicators of countries, determine it as one of the key factors of competitiveness and development of national economies. Tourism contribution of tourism to competitiveness and economic development, as well as the economic effects of tourism, may vary from country to country. The purpose of the paper is to examine the interdependence between tourism competitiveness and the economic effects of tourism, as well as between tourism competitiveness and development of the Southern European countries. The methods applied in the paper are comparative analysis, descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. The results of the research indicate that there is no significant positive relationship between the tourism competitiveness and economic effects of tourism in the analysed group of countries, while the relationship between tourism competitiveness and development of these countries is characterized by a high level of positive correlation. This conclusion can be useful for economic and tourism development policy makers and the creator of the policy of improving the competitiveness of tourism.

Agriculture as a primary sector is constantly subject to structural changes – adjustments in product features, production and consumption, technology, size of farms and agricultural holdings, manufacturing models, etc. Given the most dramatic changes occurring in the production sector, structural changes in agricultural output are precondition for understanding country’s food production and food security. Accordingly, the paper analyses the agricultural output in the Republic of Serbia in the period from 2007 to 2019. The aim of the research is to examine an intensity and dynamics of structural changes, in order to determine the most dynamic agricultural branches and period when these changes are the most intensive. The research has been conducted using Michaely Index and Lilien Index as the indicators of structural changes. Research results can be beneficiary for policy makers in developing a strategy, aiming to ensure food security and further development of key agricultural branches.