The circular economy is the antithesis of the current linear model of an economy based on uncontrolled exploitation of natural resources and flow of materials (factory -user -landfill). The principle of the linear economy has a take-do-throw base, while the circular economy has a wider take-do-fix-reuse-recycle base. There is a great need for a circular economy in the world, with recycling being considered the leading instrument of this model of economy. Therefore, the aim of our work is to show that the circular economy is imperative for sustainable development in North Macedonia and Serbia. The paper is conceived in three parts. The first part is based on the analysis of the advantages of circular economy in the countries of the European Union. The second part presents the circular economy as a chance for sustainable development of the Republic of North Macedonia, while the third part is based on the circular economy as a required condition for sustainable development of the Republic of Serbia. The methodology used in this paper is based on qualitative research techniques, i.e. analysis, comparative analysis, and synthesis. The authors conclude that it is necessary to urgently establish the circular economy model and create an appropriate legal framework in these countries, following the example of leading European countries.

Faced with high levels of poverty, China introduced its "one-child policy" in 1980 and began economic and systemic reforms that led to the country's strong economic development. Thanks to the improvement in the average standard of living, certain socioeconomic aspects related to women's employment, the pursuit of higher education, delays in childbirth, and the number of children have changed. These changes have not only reduced the number of children being born and led to population aging, but have also affected the labour market. The aim of this paper is to determine the effects of Chinese population policy on selected labour market indicators: labour force by age and sex in rural/urban areas, the labour force participation rate, and the unemployment rate. Research results from 2010 to 2020 show the growth of the labour force, while the unemployment rate has been growing since 2018. It is noticeable that the number of workers in the labour force is growing in cities, while it is declining in rural areas. On the other hand, the unemployment rate is lower in rural areas, while the growth of unemployment is evident in urban areas. The research shows that the long-term implementation of this population policy has resulted in a larger number of men, leading to greater participation of men in the labour force. Despite measures to improve the position of women at work, women's social security is still not guaranteed, and it is more difficult for women to decide to expand their families. As China has ambitious plans for economic development, defining adequate population and social policies is crucial for their implementation.

The main objective of this research is to analyze the effects of the implemented corporate restructuring process on the example of the Serbian national airline company. In addition, the purpose of this chapter is to discuss the management approaches, forms, specific goals, business performance and results, but also the benefits of the corporate restructuring of Air Serbia on national tourism and the economy. Since competitive national airline contributes to the development of the Serbian tourism sector, this chapter emphasizes the economic dimension and importance of the transformation process, creating new added value and employment, as well as multiple effects on overall local and regional development and complementary activities. Thematically, the content is focused on reviewing various forms of corporate restructuring, change of management model, ownership and organizational structure, application of new strategies, and achieved financial results, as indicators of the success of corporate restructuring, with special reference to the impact of COVID-19 on Air Serbia. The methodological framework includes desk research and a case study method based on data collection and analysis, synthesis of theoretical and empirical facts, and using available sources related to the research topic.