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In many countries, the bridge infrastructure suffers from damaged bridges that need to be rehabilitated or replaced. This means that the state or the institutions responsible for this must make extensive investments. Are there other ways to address the problems caused by the damaging effects of de-icing agents, by fatigue due to high vehicle loads and frequencies on the load side or by lack of fatigue strength of, for example, orthotropic bridge decks? Yes, UHPC surface courses can be used as a protective barrier against aggressive substances such as chlorides. They can also be load-bearing and contribute to improved bearing capacity while providing durability. In addition, a single layer can replace the foundation of multiple layers required for sealing and trafficability. The following article shows the potential of such UHPC layers for improving existing bridges, be they concrete or steel bridges.