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There are two kinds of alignment systems, marked and unmarked. The glass substrate for touch panels is categorized as an unmarked work piece. Vision based glass substrate alignment (GSA) relies on the edge of the glass. Traditional GSA systems compensate first for angular and then for linear error. This reduces alignment accuracy and increases alignment time and edge detection usually takes longer than 10 ms. This study proposes an effortless edge detection method. This method is very simple and can significantly reduce the time taken to detect the edge to about 6 ms using a 1.3 megapixel image. In this study, a floating center idea is used to control the glass substrate on a high precision coplanar alignment stage. According to the method, users can set the rotation center anywhere as long as it is on the working ( ) plane. Tolerance prognosis is also considered in this study to help the operator decide if the substrate is usable or should be rejected. The experimental results show alignment repeatability of the , , and axes to be 1 m, 1 m, and 5 arcsec, respectively.

This paper proposes an intelligent monitoring system to adapt motorized high speed spindle on machine tools to meet the requirement of Industries 4.0, based on the techniques of power electronic engineering, mechatronics and reliability engineering. In this paper, a force-sensor-integrated spindle is proposed to monitor the bearing stress during operation. The implementation of charge amplifier and mechanical design are described as well. As a result, raw data is transmitted through a filter to create fruitful information and allow the remote monitoring system to operate effectively. The information supports predictive maintenance plans and improves the quality of after-sales service.

The development of machine tool is toward high-speed, high-precision and smarter with high-end compensation techniques. The sensor and the data acquiring system are required in compensation system. However, the aliasing phenomenon can be observed in the existing data acquiring system in machine tool application. In this paper, one solution is proposed to overcome signal aliasing. The phenomenon which appears in spindle thermal growth compensation system is carried, and the improved system. is validated.

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