A relation is presented which relates the Sux noise spectrum and vortex dissipation for twodimensional superconductors. The explicit forms of the noise spectrum and vortex dissipation are obtained from simulations of a two-dimensional XY-type model with time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau dynamics. The results are discussed in terms of a phenomenological description and good agreement is found. Consequences for, and comparisons with, experimental data are discussed.

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The Lorentz transformation applies directly to the kinematics of moving particles viewed as geometric points. Wave propagation, on the other hand, involves moving planes which are extended objects defined by simultaneity. By treating a plane wave as a geometric object moving at the phase velocity, novel results are obtained that illustrate the difference between wave and point kinematics. In particular, the so-called Carroll kinematics replaces Galilean relativity at low frame velocities when events are nonlocal.