The characterization and quantitative analysis of anthocyanins in four purple-fleshed sweet potato varieties (Borami, Mokpo 62, Shinzami, and Zami) cultivated in Korea were carried out by HPLC/diode array detector (DAD), HPLC-TOF/MS, and HPLC-MS/MS analyses. For the identification of anthocyanins, molecular formulas were first calculated by using the exact mass data of the molecular ions ([M](+)). The patterns of isotope ions of M(+) were also monitored to confirm the assignment of the molecular formulas. HPLC-MS(2) analysis was further conducted for elucidating their molecular structures. Twenty-seven different anthocyanins were tentatively identified in the sweet potatoes. Six of them are the first reported in sweet potatoes roots. The quantity and profiles of anthocyanins in sweet potatoes varied greatly with variety. Borami was found, for the first time, to be a rare sweet potato variety with an exceptionally high quantity of pelargonidin-based anthocyanins.

The antioxidative and antimutagenic effects of a 80% methanol extract of Panicum miliaceum were examined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, determination of the total polyphenol content, and the Ames test using Salmonella typhimurium. The DPPH radical scavenging activity (EC 50) and total polyphenol content of the 80% methanol extract of P. miliaceum were 67.43±4.28 μg/mL and 16.26±1.02 mg/g, respectively. The 80% methanol extract was sequentially fractionated using chloroform, n-butanol, and water, and the chloroform fraction was found to exhibit strong antioxidative effects. The antimutagenic effects of P. miliaceum against aflatoxin B1, 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole, and 2-aminofluorene were then studied by the Ames test using S. typhimurium TA98 and TA100. The results obtained using the 80% methanol extract (600 μg/plate) and S. typhimurium TA98 and TA100 showed 95.2±2.3 and 89.8±4.5% inhibition of mutations caused by AFB 1 , respectively. Similarly, the chloroform fraction (200 μg/plate) exhibited a >90% inhibition for both strains. These results therefore indicate that P. miliaceum exhibits both mutagenic and antioxidant activities, thereby rendering it suitable for use in a variety of food materials.

-This study investigates the change of chemical components, antioxidant and antimutagenic activity in Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fischer stems and leaves (GU) by the various processing methods, as follows: fresh (GU-1), dried under the shade (GU-2), blanched (GU-3), roasted 3 times (GU-4), roasted 4 times (GU-5). The components have been identified and quantified through the use of gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). At results, cis-1,3-dimethyl-2-methylenecyclohexaneat at 19.7 min and n-hexadecanoic acid at 21.5 min were detected in five kinds of extract. 3-O-Methyl-D-fructose at

-The bulbil of the Dioscorea species is produced, the amount of which is 2,000 tons annually, but it has been discarded without specific use. In this study the antioxidant and antimutagenicity of bulbil of the Dioscorea, which compared to bulbil of Danma(Dioscorea japonica Decaisne) and Jangma(Dioscorea batatas Decaisne), a major domestic cultivation species. The study was done by extracting bulbil of the Dioscorea methanol and the methanol extracts was re-extracted with chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water. In methanol extract of Danma and Jangma, polyphenolic compounds contained 2.2 and 3.9 mg/g extract, respectively. The ethyl acetate fraction of Danma and Jangma had higher polyphenolic contents of 33.9 and 39.1 mg/g, whereas water fractions were much lower at 2.4 and 5.8 mg/g. Determination of antioxidant activity showed that the ethylacetate fraction strong DPPH radical scavenging activity and ABTS radical scavenging activity. The inhibitory effects of methanol extracts and chloroform, ethylacetate, n-butanol, water fraction from bulbil of Danma and Jangma on the mutagenicity in 1-NP, AFB1, Trp-P-1 were investigated using S. typhimurium TA98. Danma and Jangma cultivars decreased the reverse mutation induced by 1-NP, AFB1, Trp-P-1 in S. typhimurium TA98. The fraction of chloroform and ethylacetate showed strong inhibitory effects, in a dose dependant manner against the mutagenicities induced by 1-NP, AFB1, Trp-P-1 in S. typhimurium TA98. Key words -