The purpose of this study was to use meta-analytic thinking to evaluate the results of a three-week professional development on mathematics teachers’ technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK). The study aims to elucidate the necessity of technology professional development activities to support mathematics teaching and learning in urban schools. This study utilizes mean difference confidence intervals as measures of the effectiveness of a professional development intervention in an urban school district in the U.S. This article presents a practical application of meta-analytic thinking to better contextualize the results through direct comparisons to similar studies. The results of this study suggest that the professional development increased mathematics teachers’ perceptions of their pedagogical knowledge, technological knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge, and technological content knowledge. The study results indicate that despite smaller overall effect sizes the results observed in this urban intervention were not statistically significantly different from most prior research in this area. Because of the chosen research approach, the research results have practical as well as empirical implications for the development and delivery of professional development in urban schools. This article contributes to the literature by providing a contextualized assessment of PD effects and by placing these effects in a broader scholarly context.

The 2022 SIGMORPHON-UniMorph shared task on large scale morphological inflection generation included a wide range of typologically diverse languages: 33 languages from 11 top-level language families: Arabic (Modern Standard), Assamese, Braj, Chukchi, East-

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The Universal Morphology (UniMorph) project is a collaborative effort providing broad-coverage instantiated normalized morphological inflection tables for hundreds of diverse world languages. The project comprises two major thrusts: a languageindependent feature schema for rich morphological annotation and a type-level resource of annotated data in diverse languages realizing that schema. This paper presents the expansions and improvements made on several fronts over the last couple of years (since McCarthy et al. (2020)). Collaborative efforts by numerous linguists have added 67 new languages, including 30 endangered languages. We have implemented several improvements to the extraction pipeline to tackle some issues, e.g. missing gender and macron information. We have also amended the schema to use a hierarchical structure that is needed for morphological phenomena like multiple-argument agreement and case stacking, while adding some missing morphological features to make the schema more inclusive. In light of the last UniMorph release, we also augmented the database with morpheme segmentation for 16 languages. Lastly, this new release makes a push towards inclusion of derivational morphology in UniMorph by enriching the data and annotation schema with instances representing derivational processes from MorphyNet.

Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroelectrochemistry (SEC) is a technique that enables simultaneous probing of the electrochemical behavior of a system and detection of transmitted or reflected light indicative of system material and chemical properties. UV-Vis SEC has found application in the study of lithium-ion batteries, metal-air batteries, electrocatalysis, and electrochromic devices, to name a few examples. For lithium-ion batteries, UV-Vis SEC or electrochromic measurements using visible light can be used to determine the state-of-charge of electrode intercalation materials as a function of applied current or potential. With many electrochemical systems, including batteries, being highly sensitive to temperature, it proves important to perform SEC measurements under various thermal conditions. Currently, there are limited solutions available for UV-Vis SEC or electrochromic measurements of electrochemical cells with temperature control. Significant challenges to implementing such a system include: spectrometer size constraints; sealing requirements for air- and moisture-sensitive electrolytes; electrode and separator positioning within the cell; achieving adequate temperature uniformity and fine temperature control; and enabling sufficient light transmission or reflection for SEC measurements. This work presents two different designs for temperature-controlled spectroelectrochemical cells with a focus on battery research applications. The systems we are proposing exceed both the temperature ranges as well as the ramping rates of designs commonly employed in traditional temperature-controlled UV-Vis applications, such as life sciences studies. The designs feature two different heating mechanisms: a Peltier device on a disk cell (Figure 1a, b) and a barrel style heater in a cuvette design (Figure 1c, d). The disk cell has an acrylic window to enable reflectance mode UV-Vis spectroelectrochemistry. The window is sealed against a stainless-steel casing, which is adhered to the Peltier device. The disk cell is configured for use as a two-electrode cell with separator. The Peltier device can both heat and cool the system while the external surface temperature is monitored, allowing for specific temperature control in reference to the heater. The disk cell design also permits electrochromic studies outside the UV-Vis instrument, and achieves temperature ramp rates of up to 0.5 °C/s. The cuvette cell, made of quartz, allows for transmission of the UV-Vis signal, and can be used with both two- and three-electrode configurations. The barrel style heater employed in the cuvette cell can reach temperatures much higher than the Peltier device while submerged in the electrolyte solution, thus increasing heat transfer compared to both the disk cell and commercially-available temperature controlled UV-Vis systems. This style of heater allows for a maximum temperature ramp rate of 3.8 °C/s. The temperature control system for the cuvette is that of a submersible thermocouple that can monitor the temperature of the electrolyte and stabilize the cartridge heater accordingly. Both systems allow for in-situ spectroscopy studies of the separator, and provide full sealing for battery electrolytes. The designs presented here are expected to advance current capabilities for monitoring chemical changes in electrochemical cells via UV-Vis spectroscopy under varying thermal conditions, while being easy-to-use and highly accessible to battery researchers. This work is supported in-part by NSF Award #1936636. Figure 1