Good transparency, antimicrobial, physical, and tensile properties of the biodegradable film can be necessary for food packaging. The aim of this study is to characterize these properties of the poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/ginger nanofiber (GF) bionanocomposite film. This nanofiber of 0.21, 0.31 and 0.41 g in suspensions, was mixed with PVA gel using ultrasonication. After addition of ginger nanofibers, the bionanocomposite film shows antibacterial activity but does not have antifungi activity. Increasing the nanofiber into PVA increases significantly in tensile properties, water vapour impermeability, and moisture resistance. Tensile strength, the temperature at maximum film decomposition, and moisture resistance (after 8 h) of the 0.41 g ginger nanofiber reinforced film were 44.2 MPa (increased by 65.6%), 349.4 °C (increased by 7%), and 6.1% (decreased by 18.7%), respectively compared to pure PVA. With this nanofiber loading, the transparency of the bionanocomposite film decreased slightly. These results suggest this bionanocomposite film has potential in food packaging in industrial applications.
Pemotongan logam adalah tahap pengerjaan bahan baku profil dan plat baja sesuai dengan tanda potong yang telah ditetapkan pada proses penandaan. Salah satu teknik pemotongan logam adalah dengan menggunakan las oxy acetylene dimana pemotongan terjadi karena adanya reaksi oxygen dan baja. Las oxy acetylene adalah proses pemotongan dan pengelasan secara manual, dimana permukaan yang akan disambung mengalami pemanasan sampai mencair oleh nyala (flame) gas acetylene yaitu pembakaran C₂H₂ dengan O₂ dengan logam pengisi atau tanpa logam pengisi dimana prosess penyambungan tanpa penekanan. Disamping untuk keperluan pengelasan (penyambungan) las oxy acetylene dapat juga digunakan sebagai preheatting, brazing, cutting dan hard facing. Pada pengerjaan pemotongan pipa besi menggunakan las oxy acetylene secara manual, kendala yang yang sering ditemukan adalah hasil pemotongan yang tidak rata dan tidal lurus. Hal ini menyebabkan dibutuhkan proses perataan pada bagian tepi yang dipotong hingga rata dan lurus. Pada penelitian ini, telah dibuat mesin pemotong pipa dengan las oxy acetylene yang bertujuan menghasilkan pemotongan pipa yang lurus, halus, dan rata. Mesin pemotong pipa yang telah dibuat ini dapat menghasilkan potongan pipa besi rata, halus, dan lurus pada pipa besi diameter 4,5 inchi, 3,5 inchi, dan 3 inchi dengan waktu pemotongan 32 detik, kecepatan putaran gelombang motor 5,8 Hz, dan toleransi potongan ± 3 mm.
The high demand for degradable transparent films with good physical properties and tensile strength has motivated the development of PVA bionano composites reinforced by ginger nanofibers (GF). Cellulose nanofibers are obtained from ginger pulp fibers. This study’s objective was to describe the PVA/GF bionano composite films’ characteristics. Variations in volume to be used suspension of GF 5, 10 and 15 ml, mixed with PVA gel using ultrasonication. The addition of GF nanofibers into the PVA matrix increased the tensile properties significantly. Bionano composites with 15 ml GF got the best results compared to other volume variations. The film has a 38.5 MPa tensile strength. Meanwhile, the bionano composite films’ transparency was marginally decreased by the inclusion of GF nanofibers. These results indicate that bionano composite films of PVA and GF nanofibers have the potential to be developed in food packaging applications.
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