This is the first report of an incidence of postoperative seizures of 0.6% in pediatric cranial vault reconstructive surgery. There was no significant difference in postoperative seizures or seizure-like events in those patients who received the tranexamic acid or aminocaproic acid vs those that did not. This report provides evidence of the safety profile of antifibrinolytic in children having noncardiac major surgery. Caution should prevail however in using antifibrinolytic in high-risk patients. Antifibrinolytic dosage regimes should be based on pharmacokinetic data avoiding high doses.

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Living in a group setting is essential for the health and wellbeing of social carnivores; however, the managed formation of captive groups of territorial animals can be challenging because of the risk of aggression, injury, and even death. Numerous laboratory and clinical studies have implicated oxytocin in the formation of social bonds. Previously, we have shown that oxytocin (OT) administration reduced social vigilance in African lions. Here, we describe a series of case reports in which OT administration was used to facilitate social bonding in both familiar and unfamiliar conspecific pairs and groups of African lions and tigers, and we provide qualitative descriptions of the study animals’ behaviors before and after treatment. We hypothesized that the repeated intranasal administration of oxytocin over a period of 6–8 weeks would facilitate (1) the bonding process during introductions of unfamiliar individuals and (2) reconciliation between paired individuals that had developed ongoing negative social relationships. Following OT treatment, positive social interactions were either observed for the first time or were restored in all seven study groups.

AphasiaDx is an expert system that has been created to assist with the diagnosis of aphasia. It has been developed using Common Lisp, Common Lisp Object System, and a logic programming system Prolisp. As part of a larger neurodiagnostic system, Neurobridge, AphasiaDx has been programmed to diagnose Broca's aphasia, Wernicke's Aphasia, global aphasia, mixed transcortical aphasia, transcortical sensory aphasia, transcortical motor aphasia, and conduction aphasia. Benchmarks were developed and tested against our programmed rule base and confidence factors (CF) were accurately produced for the correct diagnosis. This expert diagnostic system can be utilized for medical problem solving as well as well as for educational purposes.