Leveraging electrochemical and thermal energy storage systems has been proposed as a strategy to reduce peak power in data centers. Thermal energy storage systems, such as chilled water tanks, have gained increasing attention in data centers for load shifting due to their relatively small capital and operational costs compared to electrochemical energy storage. However, there are few studies investigating the possibility of utilizing thermal energy storage system with resources to provide ancillary services (e.g., frequency regulation) to the grid. This paper proposes a synergistic control strategy for the data center with a chilled water storage providing frequency regulation service by adjusting the chiller capacity, storage charging rate, and IT server CPU frequency.Then, a three-stage multi-market scheduling framework based on a model predictive control scheme is developed to minimize operational costs of data centers participating in both energy and regulation markets. The framework solves a power baseline scheduling problem, a regulation reserve problem, and a realtime power signal tracking problem sequentially. Simulation results show that utilizing the thermal energy storage can increase the regulation capacity bid, reduce energy costs and demand charges, and also harvest frequency regulation

Business drivers for sustainability and the SDGs are similar, with focuses on economic growth and consumer demands. Despite the shortcomings of the SDGs, they represent an opportunity for manufacturing companies to communicate their sustainability strategies and account for impacts of their sustainability actions. This report evaluates the SDGs and the manufacturing sector. The manufacturing sector was analyzed using the technology assessments (TAs) introduced in the 2015 Quadrennial Technology Review (QTR) review, which focused on concepts, challenges, and solutions to meet the United States' energy needs. Research, development, demonstration, and deployment (RDD&D) in the TA areas by companies were collected and then their sustainability reporting was analyzed for mentions of the SDGs. The call-out boxes throughout this report provide examples of the RDD&D efforts.The possible overlap between the SDGs and the Advanced Manufacturing Office (AMO) was also evaluated. Direct and likely relationships between the SDGs and the TAs were established by utilizing the draft Multi-Year Program Plan (MYPP) for Fiscal Years 2017-2021. Positives, challenges, SDG-related literature, and future steps are also discussed in this report. vi