Objective: To evaluate whether an association exists between gonarthrosis and metabolic syndrome X (MS) as well as other potential risk factors. Method: Comparative cross-sectional study of 310 patients evaluated by pathology of knee grouped in patients with gonarthrosis and without it. Sociodemographic, anthropometric and laboratory data was obtained. Gonarthrosis was defined as a ≥ score in Kellgren-Lawrence radiological scale, and MS was assessed using the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Odds ratio and logistic regression were used for bivariate and multivariate analysis respectively. Results: The prevalence of MS in patients who had gonarthrosis was 79.9%, statistically higher than in patients without gonarthrosis (p = 0.001). Other factors that had a statistically higher frequency in this group included diabetes mellitus (p = 0.02) and hypertension (p = 0.02). Multivariate analysis revealed MS had an association with a higher prevalence of gonarthrosis (p = 0.003), while high density lipoproteins (p = 0.02) was associated with a lower prevalence. Conclusions: MS and its related alterations are associated to gonarthrosis; their adequate control could prevent patients from developing the disease.

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