In this study, a portable near-infrared (NIR) system was newly integrated with a photodiode array detector that has no moving parts, and this system has been successfully applied for the evaluation of human skin moisture. The good correlation between NIR absorbance and the absolute water content of separated hairless mouse skin, in vitro, was showed, depending on the water content (7.4-84.9%) using this portable NIR system. Partial least squares (PLS) regression was used for calibration with the 1150-1650-nm wavelength range. For practical use for the evaluation of human skin moisture, the PLS model for human skin moisture was developed in vivo using the portable NIR system on the basis of the relative water content values of stratum corneum from the conventional capacitance method. The PLS model showed a good correlation. This study indicated that the portable NIR system, as compared to conventional methods, could be a powerful tool for human skin moisture, which may be much more stable to environmental conditions, such as temperature and humidity. Furthermore, to confirm the performance of the newly integrated portable NIR system, a scanning-type conventional NIR spectrometer was used in the same experiments, and the results were compared.