The purpose of this study was to explore whether children with developmental language delays' performance on the Korean Receptive and Expressive Vocabulary Test (REVT) changed depending on media type (computer-based (tablet PC) vs. paper-based). Method: A total of 27 children with developmental language delay, ages 3 to 7 years, participated. All children were divided into two groups according to the degree of language development delay and the age of integrated language using the Preschool Receptive-Expressive Language Scale (PRES) to evaluate language development. The REVT was conducted at weekly intervals using different media in a random order. Raw score, total response time (TRT), and average response time per question (ART) were measured between different media type and compared based on the degree of language development delay and the age of integrated language. Results: Our study found statistically higher raw scores in both receptive and expressive vocabulary test (REVT) in the computer-based test compared to the paper-based test. On the other hand, regardless of the severity of the language delay, TRT and ART were statistically significantly shorter in the computer based expressive vocabulary test, but only TRT was significantly shorter in the receptive vocabulary test. Conclusion: In this study, in all language development delayed groups, the test results varied depending on the type of media. In particular, computer-based tests, rather than conventional paper-based tests, maintained the concentration of language-delayed children and helped reduce reaction time and improve vocabulary performance. Thus, the type of media used for the test should be considered.
-In this paper, we investigate static control of Boolean networks described in the framework of semi-tensor product (STP) operation. The control objective is to determine control input nodes and their logical values so as to stabilize the considered Boolean network to a desired fixed point or cycle. Using topology of Boolean networks such as incidence matrix and hub nodes, a set of appropriate control input nodes is selected, and based on STP operations, we assign constant control inputs so that the controlled network can converge to a prescribed fixed point or cycle. To validate applicability of the proposed scheme, we conduct a numerical study on the problem of determining control input nodes for a Boolean network representing hierarchical differentiation of myeloid progenitors.
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