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Purpose: Rates of colorectal polyp incidence and recurrence are high, so this study investigated risk factors of colorectal polyp recurrence after endoscopic surgery.Methods: This retrospective study analyzed various blood lipid indices for 357 patients at our hospital who underwent intestinal polypectomy from January 1, 2018, to June 1, 2020, 161 of them recurred during a follow-up of about 1 year. Potential associations between blood indices and risk of recurrence were analyzed.Results: Levels of triglycerides and apolipoprotein B were significantly higher among patients who experienced recurrence than among those who did not. Binary logistic regression identified three independent risk factors for recurrence: triglycerides (odds ratio 1.763, 95% confidence interval 1.003-3.098, P = 0.049), apolipoprotein B (5.438, 1.411-20.961, P = 0.014) and the number of polyps (2.54, 1.649-3.911, P < 0.001).Conclusion: High levels of triglycerides and apolipoprotein B in the blood are independent risk factors for colorectal polyp recurrence.