Our results indicate that TSAE for patients with hypersplenism not only delivers a better long-term outcome, but is also associated with lower complication rates and a shorter hospital stay than PSE.

Embolization of the mid-and distal main splenic artery with coils is a safe and effective treatment of hypersplenism in cirrhosis with long-term hematologic benefits.

According to the actual working condition of the full face hard rock tunnel boring machine (TBM), a 2-D discrete element model for breaking marble by two TBM disc cutters is established, it simulates the whole progress of cracks production and propagation under different confining stress and penetration; based on CSM prediction model, forces of two cutters and specific energy consumptions are calculated to determine the best penetration. The simulating result shows that there are three kinds of breaking modes of marble under different confining stress and penetration; As well as the trend that specific energy consumption decrease first and then increase with the penetration increases, and there is optimal penetration to make specific energy consumption the lowest each confining stress. The optimal penetration and the lowest specific energy consumption are determined when confining stress range from 0 to 40MPa according to the simulation results.