It is generally perceived that biodiversity is better protected from human activities after an area is designated as a protected area. However, we found that this common perception was not true in Wolong Nature Reserve (southwestern China), which was established in 1975 as a "flagship" protected area for the world-renowned endangered giant pandas. Analyses of remote sensing data from pre- and post-establishment periods indicate that the reserve has become more fragmented and less suitable for giant panda habitation. The rate of loss of high-quality habitat after the reserve's establishment was much higher than before the reserve was created, and the fragmentation of high-quality habitat became far more severe. After the creation of the reserve, rates of habitat loss and fragmentation inside the reserve unexpectedly increased to levels that were similar to or higher than those outside the reserve, in contrast to the situation before the reserve was created.

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Rationale: Brown tumor (BT) is a rare benign lesion in skeletal system. It is especially rare secondary to primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT). The differential diagnosis can be misleading due to its diversified clinical characteristics. Final diagnosis mainly relies on excessive elevated parathyroid hormone and biopsy. Treatments include surgical interventions and drugs. Only 19 articles (total 22 cases) reported BT of spine caused by primary HPT. Patient concerns: A 50-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital complaining left elbow and thoracodorsal pain with the lower limbs weakness. Diagnoses: Multifocal BT. Interventions: The patient received intramuscular injection of Miacalcic and incense of Calcitonin (Salmon) Nasal Spray to decrease serum calcium level. Surgery was performed later to excise the ectopia parathyroidoma. Outcomes: At 1-year follow-up, the patient was able to lead an independent life in her full capacity, even though she occasionally complained mild weakness of lower limbs. Lessons: BT of spine with HPT is rarely seen in the clinical practice. Treating the primary parathyroid diseases can be effective. For patients with vertebral fractures and neural deficits, immediately surgical intervention will be necessary to prevent the worse of neurological function.