The association between opportunistic infection (OI) and anaemia among HIV-infected patients remains to be studied. We investigated the prevalence and risk factors of anaemia in hospitalised HIV-infected patients to reveal the association between OI and anaemia. We conducted a retrospective study of HIV-positive hospitalised patients from June 2016 to December 2017 in Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University. Patients’ information on socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were carefully collected. The comparison of anaemia prevalence between groups was conducted withχ2test. A logistic regression model was carried out to analyse the predictors of anaemia. The total prevalence of anaemia in hospitalised HIV-infected patients was 55.15%. The prevalence of mild, moderate and severe anaemia was 41.42%, 11.08% and 2.64%, respectively. Predictors independently associated with anaemia were: CD4 counts <50 cells/μl (odds ratio (OR): 6.376, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.916–21.215,P= 0.003), CD4 counts 50–199 cells/μl (OR: 6.303, 95% CI = 1.874–21.203,P= 0.003), co-infection with tuberculosis (TB) (OR: 2.703, 95% CI = 1.349–5.414,P= 0.005) or Penicillium marneffei (PM) (OR: 7.162, 95% CI = 3.147–15.299,P< 0.001). In Fujian, China, more than half inpatients with HIV were anaemic, but severe anaemia is infrequent. Lower CD4 counts, co-infection with TB or PM were independent risk factors for anaemia. Chinese HIV patients especially with TB, PM infection and low CD4 level should be routinely detected for anaemia to improve therapy.

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most lethal cancer worldwide; however, accurate prognostic tools are still lacking. We aimed to identify immunohistochemistry (IHC)-based signature as a prognostic classifier to predict recurrence and survival in patients with HCC at Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) early- and immediate-stage. In total, 567 patients who underwent curative liver resection at two independent centers were enrolled. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model was used to identify significant IHC features, and penalized Cox regression was used to further narrow down the features in the training cohort (n = 201). The candidate IHC features were validated in internal (n = 101) and external validation cohorts (n = 265). Three IHC features, hepatocyte paraffin antigen 1, CD34, and Ki-67, were identified as candidate predictors for recurrence-free survival (RFS), and were used to categorize patients into low- and high-risk recurrence groups in the training cohort (P &lt; 0.001). The discriminative performance of the 3-IHC_based classifier was validated using internal and external cohorts (P &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, we developed a 3-IHC_based nomogram integrating the BCLC stage, microvascular invasion, and 3-IHC_based classifier to predict 2- and 5-year RFS in the training cohort; this nomogram exhibited acceptable area under the curve values for the training, internal validation, and external validation cohorts (2-year: 0.817, 0.787, and 0.810; 5-year: 0.726, 0.662, and 0.715; respectively). The newly developed 3-IHC_based classifier can effectively predict recurrence and survival in patients with early- and intermediate-stage HCC after curative liver resection.