Zirconium enolates,
derived from copper-catalyzed asymmetric conjugate
additions, are trapped with the Vilsmeier–Haack reagent. Asymmetric
additions generate quaternary carbon centers with high enantioselectivity
(generally ∼90% ee), and the enolates are converted to unsaturated
β-chloroaldehydes (41–57% yields). The reaction tolerates
changes to the nucleophile, can be used to form five-, six-, or seven-membered
ring products, and is scalable to 5 mmol, and the products are readily
elaborated by condensation, cross coupling, and addition reactions.
The Taxol core was prepared in five steps via a key copper-catalyzed asymmetric conjugate addition (ACA) trapping sequence. The use of a bromodiene derived alkylzirconium nucleophile followed by trapping with POCl3/DMF give a highly functionalized intermediate featuring a quaternary centre in 69% yield and 92% ee. After 1,2-addition, Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling, allylic oxidation, and a type II intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction the taxol core was obtained in 11% overall yield with 92% ee.
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