In induction logging, both vertical and radial conductivity variations exist in the logged medium; elementary separation of variables cannot be applied directly to the partial differential equation describing the electromagnetic field in such a medium. A modal expansion method of solution can be designed using modes defined with respect to the vertical coordinate. This method breaks the original two‐dimensional (2-D) problem into a set of independent one‐dimensional (1-D) problems. The receiver signal is decomposed into a direct signal traveling within the borehole and a reflection signal bearing information about the conductivity distribution outside the borehole. The solution is obtained as a coupled‐mode, multiple‐reflection series accounting for repeated mode reflections at the vertical boundaries in the medium. Each term in the series represents the next higher order reflection in a sequence of multiple reflections; results show two terms are sufficient to reach accuracy acceptable for log modeling.

Radio-over-free-space-optics (Ro-FSO) is a strong contender for providing a ubiquitous platform for seamless integration of high capacity radio and optical networks without expensive optical fiber cabling. This work presents mode division multiplexing of LG and HG modes in a 40 GHz Ro-FSO transmission system to realize 4 x 20Gbps over a free space optical link under clear weather conditions. The signal-to-noise-ratio, received power and constellations will be analyzed.

The main objective of this study is to develop a machine learning prediction model on employee misconduct that signals the failure of the integrity of law enforcement officers in performing their duties and responsibilities. Using a questionnaire survey of two hundred eighty-six participants, from senior officers to rank and file police officers, this study presents the fundamental knowledge on the design and implementation of a machine learning model based on four selected algorithms; generalized linear model, random forest, decision tree and support vector machine. In addition to demographic attributes, the performance of each machine learning algorithm on the employee's misconduct has been observed based on the attributes of general strain theory namely financial stress, work stress, leadership exposure, and peer pressure. The findings indicated that peer pressure was the most influencer in the prediction models of all machine learning algorithms. However, random forest is the most outperformed algorithm in terms of prediction accuracy.

Radio-over-free-space-optics (Ro-FSO) is a strong contender for providing a ubiquitous platform for seamless integration of high capacity radio and optical networks without expensive optical fiber cabling. This work presents mode division multiplexing of LG and HG modes in a 40 GHz Ro-FSO transmission system to realize 4 x 20Gbps over a free space optical link under clear weather conditions. The signal-to-noise-ratio, received power and constellations will be analyzed.

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