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Simulation of system level electrostatic discharge (ESD) is challenging due to the complexity of electronic systems, missing soft failure models for ICs and the modeling of arcing. This paper details these difficulties and points at examples of successful solutions for modeling ESD generators in SPICE and full wave, modeling of arc behavior, and simulation of ESD into products causing soft-failures.

In this paper, a new internal antenna used for wireless terminal is proposed. The current of this antenna is mostly distributed on the antenna radiator itself, rather than on the main board of the wireless device. As a result, the chance of having self-interference issues, which usually result in receiver desensitization in wireless radios, can be significantly reduced. The antenna has better radiation performance in the vertical polarization with a low profile, and the average gain of this antenna is good as well. Both simulation and measurement results demonstrate the proposed design.

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