BackgroundWhether the optimal treatment for tibial shaft fractures is suprapatellar intramedullary nailing or infrapatellar approach is controversial.Materials and methodsPubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of science and CNKI, Wan fang Chinese databases were retrieved from their establishment to April 26, 2017. Seven studies (three randomized and four clinical controlled trials) were included in the final analysis. This meta-analysis included 683 patients with tibial shaft fracture (suprapatellar: 341; infrapatellar: 342).ResultsThere was significant difference between suprapatellar and infrapatellar approach surgery in the incidence of knee pain (P = 0.003). The malalignment of the sagittal and coronal plane in suprapatellar surgery was more serious than in the infrapatellar approach (sagittal plane: P < 0.00001; coronal plane:P = 0.07). The infrapatellar approach surgery was more time-consuming than suprapatellar surgery (P = 0.01), with no significant difference in knee function score (P = 0.35).ConclusionsSuprapatellar intramedullary nailing reduced the incidence of knee pain and the average malalignment of fractures compared to infrapatellar intramedullary nailing. It also reduced the operation time and fluoroscopy time. The results of the study should be interpreted with caution due to the heterogeneity of the study designs.

Improving biosensing performance is mandatory for biomolecular recognition and disease identification. Gold nanoparticle (GNP)‐based colorimetric assay is the easy and cost‐effective identification method by a naked eye detection. In this research, osteosarcoma biomarker (miRNA‐195) was identified by citrate‐capped GNP‐colorimetric assay. As salt‐induced aggregation was used to observe the color changes of GNP, sodium chloride (NaCl) and capture DNA were optimized as 50 mM and ∼20 pmol, respectively. The capture DNA only on GNP could not stabilize under high NaCl, and the color of GNP turned into purple. At the same time, when capture DNA was hybridized with target, the condition can stabilize the GNP under higher NaCl, which retains the GNP color as red. This simple assay reaches the limit of detection of target miRNA‐195 as ∼40 fmol. Control experiments with noncomplementary DNA turned the solution into purple, indicating the specific detection of target. The mixture of target in diluted serum retains the color of the GNP solution to be red, indicating the selective detection of target DNA. This simple assay helps to quantify the level of miRNA‐195 target DNA and to diagnose the osteosarcoma.

Vertebral artery type cervical spondylosis is a common type of cervical spondylosis, also known as cervical vertigo. In recent years, with the increase of people's life pace and the number of office staff, the incidence rate has been rising year by year, with a trend of younger age. Because traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages in treating cervical vertigo, it is necessary to study the regularity of the Chinese medicine for cervical vertigo. But at present, the research is mainly based on the statistics for frequency and proportion of herbs. In addition, in the process of diagnosis and treatment of Chinese medicine, personal experience also caused differences in prescription compatibility and drug dosage, which makes difficult guarantee for the safety and effectiveness of drug treatment. So, this paper is based on literatures about the traditional Chinese medicine in treatment of cervical vertigo in the past 5 years, by using association rules algorithm, complex system entropy clustering and other non supervised data mining methods. Analysis was made for the use of various drugs in the frequency, the association rules, the core drug combination and the new prescriptions. The traditional Chinese medicine inheritance support system(TCMISS) was utilized to analyze 154 drugs from the 101 prescriptions, determine the use frequency of drugs, analyze the characteristics and the compatibility of core drugs, and dig out 14 core drug combinations and 7 new prescription combinations. The prescription and medication regularities illustrates the drugs for treatment of cervical vertigo, including those for flating liver and suppressing yang, invigorating the circulation of blood to remove blood stasis, reducing water and permeating dampness, increasing qi and activating blood, and nourishing the liver and kidney mainly. Treatment rules are nourishing liver and kidney, invigorating the circulation of blood stasis Tongqiao, reducing phlegm and dampness, flating liver and suppressing yan, dredging collaterals, supplementing qi and nourishing blood. This study aims to summarize frequently used single herbs for vertebral artery type cervical spondylosis, combinations of frequently used herbs and dosage of frequently used herbs with significant efficacy, define the current prescription and medication regularities for treating cervical vertigo and give guidances for clinical mediation.