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Three undescribed phenylpropanoid derivatives, including two new bibenzyl constituents (1–2), one new stilbene constituent (3), together with five known compounds stilbostemin F (4), dihydropinosylvin (5), 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl benzoate (6), 1-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)ethanone (7), and 4-hydroxy-3-prenylbenzoic acid (8), were isolated from the tuber of Asparagus cochinchinensis. The structures of 1–8 were elucidated according to UV, IR, HRMS, 1D and 2D-NMR methods together with the published literature. All of the isolated compounds were assessed for anti-inflammatory activity by acting on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophage cells in vitro. The results showed that compounds 2 and 5 were found to inhibit the production of nitric oxide (NO) with the IC50 value of 21.7 and 35.8 µM, respectively. In addition, further studies found that compound 2 demonstrated concentration-dependent suppression of the protein expression of iNOS and exerted anti-inflammatory activity via the NF-κB signalling pathway. The present data suggest that phenylpropanoid derivatives from the tuber of A. cochinchinensis might be used as a potential source of natural anti-inflammatory agents.

Two new phenolic compounds Fusagunolics A (1) and B (2) were isolated from the plant endophytic fungus Fusarium guttiforme, in addition to the previously known metabolites (3-6). The structures of these compounds was elucidated using a combination of spectroscopic analyses, including UV, HRESIMS, 1D, and 2D NMR, as well as electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and the optical rotatory dispersion (ORD).Further, the anti-inflammatory activity of all the compounds was evaluated to assess their capability to inhibit nitric oxide (NO) production by RAW 264.7 macrophages. The bioactive screening revealed that compounds 2 and 6 exhibited moderate inhibitory effects against NO production with the IC50 values 28.6 and 37.6 μM, respectively.