Water splitting by electricity is believed to be a promising approach to obtain high-purity H2 on a large scale. Highly efficient electrocatalysts are of great importance for the electrocatalytic hydrogen...

A novel phosphorus-containing acid dye based on triphendioxazine was designed and synthesised from diphenylamine through a series of reactions. The dye has a navy-blue colour, high molar extinction coefficient of 5.32 9 10 4 l/molÁcm, and high substantivity for dyeing wool in a salt-free, aqueous dyebath. A high exhaustion value of 98.2% on wool fabrics was recorded at 3% omf and a liquor ratio of 1:20. The wash fastness values of the acid dye, including colour change and staining on cotton and wool, were grades 5, 4 and 4-5, respectively. The dry and wet fastness are grades 4-5 and 4, respectively. In addition, light fastness reaches grades 6-7 at 3% omf dye concentration. These dye properties are better than those of commercial triphendioxazine dyes, for example, CI Direct Blue 106 and CI Reactive Blue 198, under analogous dyeing conditions.

Electrocatalytic water splitting is a promising energy-efficient solution to obtain clean hydrogen energy. Bifunctional electrocatalysts made of cheap and abundant elements and suitable for both the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER)...