Objective The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of nonunion in patients with tibia fracture and the association between influencing factors and tibia fracture nonunion. Method A database searches of PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Weipu database, and Wanfang database from inception until June 2019 was conducted. The pooled prevalence, odds ratio (OR), and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated with Stata software. Results In this study, 111 studies involving 41,429 subjects were included. In the study of the relationship between influencing factors and tibia fracture nonunion, 15 factors significantly influenced the fracture union, including > 60 years old, male, tobacco smoker, body mass index > 40, diabetes, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) user, opioids user, fracture of middle and distal tibia, high-energy fracture, open fracture, Gustilo-Anderson grade IIIB or IIIC, Müller AO Classification of Fractures C, open reduction, fixation model, and infection. Conclusion The prevalence of nonunion in patients with tibia fracture was 0.068 and 15 potential factors were associated with the prevalence. Closed reduction and minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO) have the low risks of nonunion for the treatment of tibial fractures.

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Background: Associations between vitiligo and thyroid disorders have been suggested, However, the prevalence of thyroid disorders in vitiligo vary widely.Purpose: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis assessing the prevalence of thyroid disorders in patients with vitiligo.Method: The PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), Chongqing VIP database, and Wanfang database from inception to August 2, 2018 were systematically searched. The pooled prevalence and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated.Results: A total of 77 eligible studies were identified and included, published from 1968 to 2018. Six thyroid disorders including subclinical hyperthyroidism, overt hyperthyroidism, subclinical hypothyroidism, overt hypothyroidism, Graves disease, and Hashimoto thyroiditis were described. The numbers of relative studies were 54 in overt hypothyroidism, 50 in overt hyperthyroidism, 25 in subclinical hypothyroidism, 19 in Hashimoto thyroiditis, 16 in Graves disease, and 10 in subclinical hyperthyroidism. The highest prevalence was 0.06 (95% CI: 0.04–0.07) in subclinical hypothyroidism, and the lowest was 0.01 in subclinical hyperthyroidism (95% CI: 0.00–0.01) or Graves disease (95% CI: 0.01–0.02).Conclusion: Six thyroid disorders showed various prevalence in vitiligo. The highest prevalence was in subclinical hypothyroidism, and the lowest was in subclinical hyperthyroidism or Graves disease. Screening vitiligo patients for thyroid disorders seem plausible, in an effort to detect potential thyroid diseases or to assess the risk of future onset.