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This paper investigated the styrene butadiene rubber (SBR)/nanoscale silica (SiO 2 ) composites vulcanized by electron-beam irradiation. Infrared spectra of the Si-O bond of SiO 2 before and after irradiation were studied, and the infrared absorption peak of the Si-O bond of the electron beam irradiated SBR/SiO 2 nanocomposites showed a blue shift of 20 cm −1 compared with that of SiO 2 before irradiation, whereas the absorption intensity decreased, indicating a change of interaction occurring between SiO 2 and SBR macromolecules. This paper also studied the effects of irradiation dose and SiO 2 filler loading on crosslink density and some mechanical properties of the irradiated SBR/SiO 2 composites. With the irradiation dose increasing, tear strength of the irradiated SBR/SiO 2 composites increased while crosslink density and tensile strength increased whole in the range of 300 kGy. With SiO 2 filler loading increasing, crosslink density, tensile strength and tear strength of the irradiated SBR/SiO 2 composites increased.