Global door-to-door land transport system ComplexTrans is based on mutual adaptation of road and rail vehicles.This transport concept offers a breakthrough solution for the effective transport of passengers and cargo across medium and long distances. In addition, it improves the road network throughput and, up to the travel distance of 1000-1500 km, makes a viable substitute for continental air transport.However, the required compatibility between rail and road vehicles entails profound changes to be made to the dimensions and character of both passenger and cargo road vehicles. These changes, on the other hand, result in new features and opportunities which promote sustainable development of cities through the following outcomes:-reduced need for parking space for passenger cars; -lower density of urban traffic; -utilization of adapted passenger cars as comfortable and high-capacity boost to public transit; -rapid elimination of exhaust gases and -stabilization of power supply networks that use renewable energy sources. Keywords: road-rail, intermodal transport, improvement of city individual transport, public transport improvement, new solutions for parking, electrification of road transport, energy safety, support of renewable energy sources.

The land-transportation cannot meet its demands anymore. Jammed highways and cities, dangerous emissions, omnipresent traffic accidents, delays, expensive railways. Solutions are being sought to transfer a large part of passenger-and especially freight-traffic to (highspeed) rail and the efforts are shifting towards electromobility, car-sharing, 5G-connectivity, autonomous ride, MaaS-transport-coordination or Hyperloop-type solutions. However, all these solutions have further problems and limitations. Solutions are not sought where they really exist-in the mutual adaptation of the road and rail vehicles and their deep cooperation. The ComplexTrans-project shows that simply adapting dimensions and functions of the road and rail vehicles can eliminate (or at least substantially reduce) all the problems of existing land transport. The main features of the ComplexTrans system are sufficient parking spaces, reduced traffic density inside and outside of the cities, electric-vehicles with unlimited range and cheaper than the standard cars, cheaper and affordable recharging of batteries, autonomous ride, self-financing rail-transport, transfer of intercity freight to rail, replacement of part of the continental air-transport and many others.

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Current land transport is not optimal. Road transport is congested and rail transport is under-utilised and unprofitable. Land transport is based on the burning of fossil fuels and contributes to climate change. Hence the EU’s desire to push for electric propulsion on the road and to make rail the backbone of Europe’s transport system. Developments in transport are solving some problems but creating others. The ComplexTrans project addresses private and public transport of people and freight in and between cities and removes current and upcoming transport problems in a natural way (without restrictions and subsidies), based on the mutual adaptation of electric road and rail vehicles and their deep intermodal and multimodal cooperation and using fast mixed passenger/freight trains. The solution for land transport is not competition but cooperation between road and rail.

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