Lipid bodies [lipid droplets (LBs)] are lipid-rich organelles involved in lipid
metabolism, signalling and inflammation. Recent findings suggest a role for LBs in
host response to infection; however, the potential functions of this organelle
in Toxoplasma gondii infection and how it alters macrophage
microbicidal capacity during infection are not well understood. Here, we investigated
the role of host LBs in T. gondii infection in mouse peritoneal
macrophages in vitro. Macrophages cultured with mouse serum (MS) had higher numbers
of LBs than those cultured in foetal bovine serum and can function as a model to
study the role of LBs during intracellular pathogen infection. LBs were found in
association with the parasitophorous vacuole, suggesting that T. gondii
may benefit from this lipid source. Moreover, increased numbers of
macrophage LBs correlated with high prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production and decreased
nitric oxide (NO) synthesis. Accordingly, LB-enriched macrophages cultured with MS
were less efficient at controlling T. gondii growth. Treatment of
macrophages cultured with MS with indomethacin, an inhibitor of PGE2 production,
increased the microbicidal capacity against T. gondii. Collectively,
these results suggest that culture with MS caused a decrease in microbicidal activity
of macrophages against T. gondii by increasing PGE2 while lowering
NO production.
RESUMOAvaliou-se o efeito do soro de cadela em estro na maturação in vitro de ovócitos caninos, utilizando-se 92 ovócitos de cadelas, submetidas à cirurgia eletiva de ovarioisterectomia. Os ovócitos foram selecionados e distribuídos em dois tratamentos: T1 (n = 48), ovócitos cultivados in vitro durante 96 horas utilizando meio base − TCM199 + 5µg/mL de LH + 20µg/mL de FSH − mais 10% de soro inativado de vaca em estro e T2 (n = 44), ovócitos cultivados em meio base mais 10% de soro inativado de cadela em estro. O percentual de ovócitos observados em metáfase I não indicou diferenças (P>0,05) entre T1 (2,1%) e T2 (0,0%), porém a taxa de ovócitos maduros (metáfase II) foi diferente (P<0,05), sendo 27,1% em T1 e 47,7% em T2. O mesmo fato ocorreu com a taxa de cromatina condensada (P<0,01), com 14,6 e 0,0%, respectivamente. Nos ovócitos sem configuração cromossômica, não foram observadas diferenças (P>0,05), sendo 56,3% em T1 e 52,3% em T2. Estes resultados indicam que a adição de soro de cadela em estro no meio de cultivo oferece melhores condições para o desenvolvimento in vitro, quando comparado à de soro de vaca em estro.
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