No abstract

The stingless bees are important flowers visitors of several plant species, due to their feeding habits and foraging behavior, constituting an important group to maintain biodiversity and the dynamics of tropical communities. Among stingless bees, Tetragonisca angustula is widely distributed in tropical habitats, and has been considered an important pollinator of different plant families. To support a rational economic use of this group, there is a need to characterize the plant species that represent important sources as part of their diet, as preferred, alternative or casual food sources. The aim of this survey was to distinguish the plant species that T. angustula visited most often. The study was undertaken in four regions of the Atlantic Rainforest in Rio de Janeiro state (Brazil) over a year from March 2008 to February 2009. For this, we collected bees, flowering plants and bee pollen loads from the four sites, and evaluated pollen morphology in the laboratory. Field observations showed the presence of plants belonging to ten different families and pollen loads showed the presence of pollen types belonging to 26 plant families. There were strong differences between pollen types, especially regarding pollen grain shape. The present survey suggests a high value of these plant species as trophic resources for the T. angustula in the understory of Atlantic Rainforest. Changes in these fragments of this forest may compromise the availability of resources for Tetragonisca angustula species and other stingless bees. Rev. Biol. Trop. 60 (4): 1491-1501. Epub 2012 December 01.

RESUMOFoi realizada a classificação de coeficientes de variação dos coeficientes de digestibilidade da matéria seca, matéria orgânica, proteína bruta, fibras em detergente neutro e ácido, energia bruta, fibra bruta, celulose, hemicelulose, lignina, extrato etéreo e ganho de peso diário, com base em artigos científicos e teses em eqüinocultura. Os coeficientes de variação foram classificados em: (m+2DP)]; e muito alto [>(m+2DP)]. Todas as respostas medidas apresentaram distribuição normal pelo teste Lilliefors. Quanto aos coeficientes de digestibilidade da fibra em detergente neutro e celulose, houve concordância entre a classificação proposta e a sugerida na literatura, sendo os mais discrepantes os coeficientes de digestibilidade da energia bruta e lignina. Desse modo, para cada variável analisada existe distribuição diferenciada dos coeficientes de variação, o que sugere a necessidade de classificação específica para as respostas medidas em nutrição de eqüinos.Palavras-chave: eqüino, estatística, nutrição, precisão experimental [CV>(m+2sd) ABSTRACT Coefficients of variation (CV) distribution for several variables in equine nutrition were obtained. The data are from theses and published scientific papers in equine nutrition. The CV were classified as low [CV≤(m-1sd)]; medium [(m-1sd)

RESUMO -Este trabalho foi conduzido para se avaliar o uso do farelo de vagem de algaroba (FVA) em substituição ao milho desintegrado com palha e sabugo (MDPS) sobre o consumo de nutrientes em dietas para eqüinos. Foram utilizadas 16 éguas da raça Mangalarga Marchador, com idade variando de 3,5 a 18,4 anos e peso médio de 394,8 kg. No ensaio de digestão, foi utilizado o método da coleta total de fezes e foram estimados os coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente da matéria seca (CDMS), matéria orgânica (CDMO), proteína bruta (CDPB), fibra em detergente neutro (CDFDN), hemicelulose (CDHCEL), fibra em detergente ácido (CDFDA) e energia bruta (CDEB Effects of Feeding Mesquite Pod Meal (Prosopis juliflora (Swartz) D.C.) for HorsesABSTRACT -Sixteen mares of Mangalarga Marchador breed, averaging from 3.5 to 18.4 years old and 394.8 kg, were assigned to a randomized blocks (mares age) design, with four replicates by treatment, to evaluate the effects of replacing corn cob meal (CCM) with mesquite pod meal (MPM) on nutrient intake. In the digestion trial, the total feces collection method was used and the coefficients of apparent digestibility of dry matter (CDDM), organic matter (CDOM), crude protein (CDCP), acid detergent fiber (CDADF), neutral detergent fiber (CDNDF), hemicellulose (CDHCEL) and gross energy (CDGE) were estimated. Diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isoenergetic, all containing coastcross hay and concentrate (60:40 ratio). The treatments consisted of increasing replacement levels of CCM with MPM, as follows: 0, 33, 66 and 100%. No effects of mare age on the variables were detected. No significant effect of increasing MPM levels on dry matter intake, with mean values of 1.8% body weight (BW), 7.02 kg DM/day, 79.84 g DM/kg BW 0.75 , was observed. CDDM, CDOM, CDCP and CDHCEL did not differ among diets and showed the respective mean values of 49.15, 50.18, 56.89, and 35.43%. Linear decreasing effect on CDNDF and quadratic effect on CDADF and CDGE were observed as the dietary levels of MPM increased. According to the regression equations, maximum point of CDADF could be obtained by replacing 22.3% MPM and maximum values of CDNDF and CDGE in the diets without MPM. It was concluded that, despite of decrease on dietary fiber digestibility, mesquite pod meal can be used in horses diets. IntroduçãoA algarobeira é uma leguminosa arbórea que concentra o seu valor nutritivo nas vagens (frutos), constituindo-se rica fonte de carboidratos e proteínas, com valor energético bruto comparável ao milho. É encontrada em toda a região Nordeste do Brasil, desenvolvendo-se com invejável capacidade desde praças até fazendas que já se beneficiam de suas propriedades nutricionais na criação animal.