DiscussionRepair of a vesico-vaginal fistula in pregnancy has not been reported in the literature. We were compelled to perform the repair because of her two miscarriages that could have been caused by the Obstetric case reports 439 J Obstet Gynaecol Downloaded from informahealthcare.com by University of California Irvine on 11/02/14For personal use only.

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Anticipation of more obtrusive helpful treatment modalities requires early caries determination which dental clinicians look amid ordinary practice. The essential visual investigation technique has halfway unwavering quality for recognizing noncavitated injuries, particularly on proximal surfaces. In this manner, dental specialists routinely favor bitewing radiographs as an extra technique for finding of the carious injuries. Numerous radiologic components can influence the capacity to precisely identify the carious sores, presentation parameters, kind of picture receptor, picture preparing, show framework, seeing conditions, and visual fantasies. Adjacent to these radiologic factors, different morphologic wonders, for example, pits and crevices; dental irregularities, for example, hypo-plastic pits and concavities; and obtained changes of dentition, for example, scraped spot and disintegration can mirror the presence of a carious sore. In this way, the result of a false positive analysis is the start of superfluous obtrusive remedial treatment. The dental specialist's information about the elements mirroring the proximal carious sore recognized by bitewing radiography is essential for clinical practice to keep the patient out of these pointless medicines.