A research effort directed at analytically and experimentally investigating ElectronCyclotron-Resonance (ECR) plasma acceleration is outlined. Relevant past research is reviewed.

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The creative process of team design can he rapid and powerful when focused, yet complex designs, such as spacecrafi. can slow and quench the essential elements of this process. Concurrent Engineering techniques partially address this problem, but a fuller realization of their benefits require an approach centering on the human aspects of teamwork. ICEMakerTM is a Microsofi Excel@ based software tool that facilitates closer-to-ideal collaboration within teams employing the new Integrated Concurrent Engineering (ICE) methodology. ICE is a generic approach that emphasizes focused collaborative design in a singleroom context. and is now employed at several aerospace organizations to increase the productivity of design teams defining complex early development-phase products. By way of introduction, this paper describes the basic elements of ICE needed to understand ICEMaker and its application. We present the design approach, philosophy, and clientserver architecture of the ICEMaker system, as well as a simplified user scenario.NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) has recently adopted ICEMaker for its primary early-phase space mission and system advanced project design team, Team-X. We describe Team-X's experience with ICEMaker and report on the lessons learned, and qualitative product improvements, resulting fiom JPL's implementation of ICEMaker.

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