Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Joel Kupfersmid, 1560 Callander, Hudson, OH 44236. I The three areas of dissatisfaction are not intended to be an exhaustive list. Rather, these issues represent areas where dissatisfaction can be reduced if the proposed model is instituted.

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The effect of differential time‐out (TO) durations (15, 30, 45, 60, and 90 minutes) on assaultive behavior for 13 psychiatrically hospitalized children and adolescents was analyzed. For the total sample, no statistically significant difference in assault frequencies was evident. Also evident was the effect of time‐out duration on time taken to become settled: the longer the time‐out given, the longer the time needed to become calm.

There has been a persistent and increasing reevaluation of why Freud abandoned his seduction theory. The first part of this article contends that Freud could not emotionally tolerate the implications the seduction theory had for his father or himself and rejected the theory because of internal conflict. The second part reveals the weaknesses of J. Masson's (1984) argument that Freud abandoned seduction due to external conflicts-the desire to win the approval of his medical colleagues. The third part offers evidence that the Oedipus complex did not immediately replace seduction theory as an explanation of hysterical symptoms. Further, it is an elusive hypothetical construct not always observed by therapists, has never been satisfactorily measured, and its explanation as a causal role in psychopathology is questionable. The Defense of Sigmund FreudWithin the last several years there has been considerable attention directed towards Freud's self-analysis, his personal conflicts, and the credibility of psychoanalysis as a method of obtaining knowledge about psychological functioning. Much of die focus of these investigations has been directed at the time in Freud's life when he abandoned his seduction theory of neurosis/hysteria and founded, instead, the Oedipus complex.

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