The unstable dithiocarboxylic acids dithioacetic acid, 2-methyl-dithiopropionic acid, 2,2-dimethyl-dithiopropionic acid and dithiobenzoic acid were synthesized and characterized by NMR spectroscopy and GC/MS. The stable dithiocarboxylic acids 2,4,6-trimethyl benzoic acid, 2,4,6-tri-iso-propylbenzoic acid and 2,6-dimesityl benzoic acid were synthesized, isolated and characterized by spectroscopic methods and in parts by mass spectrometry and X-ray crystallography. The new data were used to re-evaluate literature data on the synthesis, spectroscopy and structural data of dithiocarboxylic acids as a fundamental class of organic compounds in general.

The rapidly increasing adoption of high-resolution accurate-mass methods in analytical laboratories has fueled demand for instruments that combine high performance and reliability with small size and greater ease-of-use. This paper presents the major design principles that are driving the evolution of the hybrid quadrupole-Orbitrap instrument architecture to enable a greater range of applications and users. These principles may be summarized as follows: better usage of physical space and better access for service by means of size reduction of pumping and ion optics; expanded use of technologies from electronics in ion-optical design; flexibility in performance via modularity of design of the hardware and software components; and, harmonization of interfaces with other instruments to facilitate sharing and transferability of analytical workflows. The design of a novel family of hybrid mass spectrometers is described in detail, and performance evaluation is carried out on a wide variety of samples for its three representatives: the Orbitrap Exploris 120, Orbitrap Exploris 240 and Orbitrap Exploris 480 mass spectrometers.The new instrument family is shown to offer compelling potential not only for high-end proteomics and biopharmaceutical applications, but also for screening, trace, targeted and clinical analysis by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry methods.

Neutral, homoleptic gold(i) dithiocarboxylate complexes with different-sized Me, iPr, Mes, Tip, Mes* and Dmp substituents at the dithiocarboxylate unit were synthesized by reacting the corresponding dithiocarboxylic acid with potassium dicyanoaurate(i). They were characterized by IR spectroscopy and elemental analyses and their structures were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The dinuclear complexes with an intramolecular d10-d10 type aurophilic interaction aggregate through additional intermolecular aurophilic interactions in different binding motifs. The molecular structures and the patterns of aggregation in the solid state are presented and discussed with respect to the influence of the substituent size.