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Objective: To determine whether a continuous intravenous infusion of standard amino acids could preserve kidney function after on-pump cardiac surgery.Methods: Adult patients scheduled to receive cardiac surgery lasting longer than 1 hour on-pump were randomized to standard care (n ¼ 36) or an infusion of amino acids initiated immediately after induction of anesthesia (n ¼ 33). The study's primary outcome measurements assessed renal function. These assessments included duration of renal dysfunction, duration and severity of acute kidney injury (AKI), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) over time, urine output, and use of renal-replacement therapy. Complications and other measures of morbidity were also assessed.

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection is a rare cause of acute coronary syndrome. Recurrent spontaneous dissection is even more rare. A case of recurrent coronary artery dissection is reported and the literature is reviewed.