This article puts forward an analytical and methodological framework for examining the effectiveness of labour provisions in trade agreements, illustrated by indicative case studies. Developing the notion of capacity at three levels (state, civil society and firms), the authors differentiate between proximate outcomes (legal, institutional and political) and distant, socio‐economic outcomes (improving labour rights and working conditions). They thus consider labour provisions in trade agreements as a multifaceted “policy mix” to be evaluated through qualitative and/or quantitative methods, depending on the aspect of capacity that is of interest, and on the available data. Some policy recommendations are also provided.
Résumé
Les auteurs proposent un cadre analytique et méthodologique aux fins de l'évaluation de l'efficacité des dispositions relatives au travail figurant dans les accords commerciaux. Avant d'illustrer leur propos par plusieurs études de cas, ils précisent la notion de capacité à trois niveaux (État, société civile et entreprises) et font la distinction entre résultats immédiats (aménagements juridiques, institutionnels et politiques) et lointains (amélioration des droits au travail et des conditions de travail). Affirmant le caractère multidimensionnel de ces dispositions, ils suggèrent de les évaluer par des méthodes qualitatives et quantitatives, selon la capacité traitée et les données disponibles. Ils formulent aussi quelques recommandations générales.
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