Background Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death. In Thailand, the prevalence of smoking is about 15-20 times higher among men than women. This study aimed to investigate gender differences among university students concerning smoking behaviors, nicotine dependence, and intention to quit smoking. Methods A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information from participants who were current smokers studying at a university in northern Thailand. Snowball sampling was used to recruit participants. Results Of 364 participants, there were 321 males and 43 females. This study showed higher smoking behaviors among males than females; males were more likely to smoke every day than females (67.0 and 41.9%, respectively, p value=0.002), and the average number of cigarettes daily was higher among males than females (8.4 and 5.5, respectively, p value=0.006). The sources of cigarettes differed between males and females. The nicotine dependence level, as measured by the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence, was quite low in both male and female smokers and did not differ significantly (mean score of 2.3±2.2 for males, 1.8±1.8 for females; p value=0.123). Females were more likely than males toward intention to quit in the next 30 days (51.2 and 34.0%, respectively, p value=0.041). The most common reason for intention to quit was awareness of harm to health, for which females were more concerned than males. Conclusion Male and female university students who smoked differed in smoking behaviors and intention to quit, but not in nicotine dependence level. The university should provide health promotion to help students quit smoking.

The study aimed to examine the effectiveness of motion infographic media on improving patient's knowledge and medical adherence during counseling. Eighty eight human immunodeficiency virus infected patients from outpatient department, human immunodeficiency virus clinic, Saraburi hospital participated in the study. Subjects were randomized into control and study groups (44 of each). Subjects in the study group received motion infographic media, while those in the control group did not receive motion infographic media. The results showed that subjects in the study group had higher knowledge scores and higher percentage of medical adherence than those in the control group in all tests. In addition, knowledge and medical adherence after receiving motion infographic media in the study group were even greater as indicated by higher knowledge test scores and higher percentage of medical adherence, as compared to before receiving the motion infographic media. It can be concluded that motion infographic media is beneficial and can be used as a tool for improving patient's knowledge and medical adherence during counseling.