MRGBP (MORF4-related gene-binding protein; also known as chromosome 20 open reading frame 20) encodes a subunit of the transformation/transcription domain-associated protein (TRRAP)/tatinteracting protein 60 (TIP60)-containing histone acetyltransferase complex. We previously showed that MRGBP was upregulated in the majority of colorectal tumors, and the enhanced expression was associated with cell proliferation. In this study, we investigated its role in colorectal carcinogenesis and searched for genes regulated by MRGBP. Immunohistochemical staining of 22 adenomas and 47 carcinomas in the colon and rectum showed that high levels of MRGBP expression were observed more frequently in carcinomas (45%) than adenomas (5%), linking its role to malignant properties of colorectal tumors. No clinicopathological factors were associated with the levels MRGBP expression in colorectal cancer. Copy number analysis revealed that gene amplification is involved in the elevated expression. A genome-wide expression analysis identified a total of 41 genes upregulated by MRGBP. These genes were implicated in biological processes, including DNA replication, minichromosome maintenance, and cell division. Theses results suggest that MRGBP contributes to colorectal carcinogenesis through rendering advantages in cell proliferation and/ or division of cancer cells. Our findings might be helpful for the identification of a specific biomarker for colorectal cancer and the development of diagnostic and/or therapeutic approaches. (Cancer Sci

This April 5th dam and Hwanggang dam, which are located in Imjin river, North Korea, become the main causes of water shortages and damages in Imjin river downstream. April 5th dam is assumed a small or medium-sized dam, its total storage volume reaches about 88 million ㎥. And Hwanggang dam, multi-purposed dam of total storage volume approximately 0.3 billion ㎥ to 0.4 billion ㎥ is used as source of residental or industrial water in Gaeseong Industrial Complex. North Korea, which has April 5th dam and Hwanggang dam in Imjin river, manages water of approximately 0.39 billion ㎥ to 0.49 billion ㎥ directly. As water is storaged or discharged through dam, it causes a severe damage to areas in Yeoncheon-gun and Paju city, South Korea. Therefore, this study intends to analyze and estimate runoff through dam construction by using hydrological observation data and artificial data such as service water supply and agricultural water in Imjin river, water shortage and damage correctly.

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River areas include channels, floodplains and all the areas affected by physical and ecological processes in river systems. It is noticeably different from present riparian zone which is bounded by dykes. In this study, two methods for delineation of a floodplain are proposed, which are used for evaluation of the function of a river. One of them is a geomorphology-based technique and the other is hydrology-based inundation analysis. For the Mankyung River, these two methods are applied to delineate the floodplain area. Areas delineated with both methods are mutually compared. The results show that the geomorphology-based method is suitable for the delineation of a valley bottom, including the floodplain in a broader sense, which is unlike an inundated area reflecting contemporary hydrologic conditions. Compared with other flood frequency areas, a 100-year flood inundation area was found reasonable to represent the spatial extent of a floodplain without regard to the longitudinal location along a river. However, it is necessary in certain rivers reach where the division of a channel exists to compare a geomorphological analysis on a valley bottom with an inundation area of different frequencies.