No abstract

Background: Dupilumab is a receptor antagonist binding to the alpha subunit of the interleukin-4 receptor. Through binding to it, dupilumab inhibits signaling of both IL-4 and IL-13, the representative Th2 biomarkers. Recently, in addition to the treatment effects for atopic dermatitis (AD), there is an emerging adverse event as facial erythema. Case presentation: A twenty-seven-year-old female patient developed erythema and desquamation on the face and neck after dupilumab administration. She had AD on her arms, legs, and trunk before the treatment but there was no atopic clinical feature in her face and neck. With the treatment of dupilumab, her skin lesions of the body have improved from the beginning of the treatment. In the patch test, including dupilumab, there was no specific finding other than the 1+ response to neomycin on day 2. In the intradermal test to dupilumab, a positive result was observed 15 min later, but negative both days 1 and 2. The blood examination showed an elevation of both ANA as 1:80 and anti-phospholipid antibodies (Anti-cardiolipin IgM, IgG, and Anti-beta 2 GPI IgG). She was diagnosed with Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) based on diagnostic criteria by a rheumatologist. Conclusion: Dupilumab is an emerging therapeutic agent for AD, and treatment cases are increasing in Korea. However, there are several adverse events during the treatment of dupilumab. Herein, we report the unexpected adverse event during the treatment of dupilumab in SLE patients.

Syringoma is a benign adnexal tumor originating from the intradermal eccrine ducts and predominantly occurs in women at puberty or later in life. We present a case of a 30‐year‐old woman with a 2‐year history of syringoma on her neck and axillar region. She was treated with two devices in a split manner. The right‐sided lesions of the neck were treated with one session of 10,600‐nm carbon dioxide (CO2) laser ablation. The left‐sided lesions were treated with microinsulated needle radiofrequency (RF) three times. After treatment, the lesions treated with CO2 showed hypertrophic scar formation, but the other side lesions treated with microinsulated needle RF showed a marked reduction in the size and number of lesions, without any adverse effects such as scarring and hyperpigmentation related to epidermal damage. The treatment of syringoma with microinsulated needle RF, which is insulated at the point of epidermal contact, results in good cosmetic outcomes. Syringoma, microinsulated needle RF, CO2 laser.

Dupilumab is theoretically a perfect therapeutic agent, working upstream of atopic dermatitis (AD) pathogenesis by blocking Th2 differentiation and expansion and blocking downstream effects. However, not all patients who use dupilumab have a good prognosis; thus, much attention is being directed at the biomarker. Biomarkers make it possible to predictive, personalized, preventive, and participatory medicine. Among them, pharmacogenetic biomarkers can identify responders and

Background In Korea, new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients continue to be diagnosed. Due to the development of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) and lengthening of survival period of infected person, the aspect of skin diseases of HIV-infected patients is also changing. Objective To determine skin diseases of HIV-infected patients according to immune status and the relationship between folliculitis and HAART drug. Methods Subjects were HIV-infected patients who were treated in the department of dermatology from September 1, 2008 to August 31, 2018. Medical records of 376 subjects were retrospectively analyzed. Results Of 376 patients were studied, tinea infection, folliculitis, and seborrheic dermatitis were the most common regardless of their CD4 T cell counts or treatment group (initial treatment or retreatment). Seborrheic dermatitis, irritant contact dermatitis, and pruritic papular eruption were significantly more common in patients with CD4+T cells less than 200×10 6 cells/L while warts were significantly more frequent in patients with CD4+T cells greater than 200×10 6 cells/L. Most HAART agents were found to be helpful in reducing the incidence of folliculitis. Conclusion There were many skin diseases in HIV patients, different from previous studies. In our study, the top three diagnoses were tinea infection, folliculitis, and seborrheic dermatitis. HAART medication was helpful in reducing folliculitis. These changes will require different treatments for skin diseases in HIV patients.