Benzodiazepines are commonly prescribed to treat insomnia in the elderly. The use of benzodiazepines in this population has been associated with various risks, including the potential to cause cognitive decline. The purpose of this article is to discuss the relationship between the use of benzodiazepines and cognitive decline, the importance of patient education when prescribing benzodiazepines in this population, and lifestyle modifications that can be used to help treat insomnia in older adults.