The use of the KTP 532 nm vascular laser in the treatment of erythema and telangiectasia caused by low temperature exposure - case report. A case report. The paper presents a case of effective treatment of frostbite vascular lesions in the face with the use of a 532nm KTP laser in a 55-year-old man with a long history of skin exposure to low temperatures. Aim. The aim of this study is to draw attention to the possibility of using laser therapy in the treatment of skin disorders that are a complication of exposure to low temperatures. In the article below, we present the reduction of vascular lesions of the facial skin during a series of laser treatments with the use of the 532nm laser, meeting the growing interest of patients and doctors in the use of laser therapy in the treatment of skin vascular lesions. Conclusions. The use of laser therapy with the KTP 532nm laser can be an important and effective element in the treatment of skin vascular lesions.

Chronic pain is reported by 40% -79% of patients with cirrhosis, which is one of the most neglected symptoms among this population. Chronic pain management in patients with cirrhosis remains a difficult clinical issue since a significant number of analgesics are metabolized in the liver and potential side effects are more frequent and involve significant clinical risk. The aim of this review is to draw attention to the available pain management options in patients with cirrhosis based on an analysis of published articles. The following article is based on the literature found in the pubmed database. There are still no precise pain management guidelines in this group of patients. Treatment should include pharmacological, non-pharmacological methods and treatment of comorbidities and patients require careful observation. More research is needed in this area.