In many cases, focused ESWT needs to be applied only once. Further research should focus on the number of treatment sessions as well as the minimum energy flux density needed.

A sustainable and favourable effect on health promotion could be achieved most notably by motivating people to add more physical activity to their everyday life.

No abstract

This trial was the first to investigate the effects of tNMR as an additional treatment of lumbar disc herniation with LRS. The application of tNMR did not meet MCID criteria. It rendered few statistically significant differences between patient groups. The overall results of this trial make a clinical implementation of tNMR in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation with LRS appear premature. Further research is needed to better understand the mode of action of tNMR on compressed neural tissue and to elucidate the issue of the cost/benefit ratio.

No abstract