Se propone un procedimiento y una función en lenguaje 'R' para preparar la edición de grandes cantidades de tablas con estructuras similares que se generan durante las aplicaciones de encuestas.

<p><strong>Background. </strong>Family gardens represent spaces that promot the conservation and use of agrobiodiversity, generating welfare and sustainability conditions for rural communities. <strong>Objective</strong>. This study explores the relationship between biodiversity, agrobiodiversity and family farming economy in rural areas in departments of Caldas (Association of Indigenous and Peasant Producers) and Cundinamarca (Reserve Zone of Cabrera), Colombia. <strong>Methodology.</strong> Data on farm size, land use, present agrobiodiversity, income generation and self-consumption levels were compiled. The variability in these characteristics is strongly influenced by the size of the farms and by the areas destined for production and conservation. It is noted that smaller farms tend to generate higher agricultural income and self-consumption values per unit of productive area. <strong>Conclusions.</strong> The article concludes the importance of considering agrobiodiversity as a determinant component for the sustainability of the agro-food system and highlights the fundamental role of family farming in protecting it through its knowledge and traditional systems of use and management. At the end, the authors recommend the promotion of agrobiodiversity in public policies for national food security and sovereignty including its conservation as a criterion in land planning plans.</p>

Objective. To identify the coping and adaptation process and its relationship to the spiritual perspective in patients with HIV/AIDS. Methodology. Cross-sectional descriptive study in which 100 patients participated and who were applied instruments like Roy’s coping and adaptation measurement scale and Reed’s Spiritual Perspective Scale. The study was conducted in 2009, at a state healthcare institution in Bogotá (Colombia). Results. Five patient subgroups were identified (Recursive and Centered, Physical and Focused, in warning process, in systematic processing, and knowing and relating) who presented different dynamics regarding the greater or lesser use of coping strategies. In most patients a high spiritual perspective was identified upon the experience of the disease. A weak, but significant correlation was found between the coping and adaptation processes and the components of the spiritual perspective. Conclusion. A relationship exists between the spiritual perspective and the coping and adaptation process to the HIV/AIDS disease; the aforementioned must be considered in the therapeutic relationship as a relevant component of caretaking.

ResumenLa estadística t de Student no es monótona en función de la diferencia entre x y µ 0 , puesésta se modifica mediante alteraciones en los datos que también afectan el valor de la varianza. En este trabajo se utiliza esta propiedad para analizar la estabilidad en las pruebas cuando se encuentran valores-p cercanos del nivel de significación dado por el investigador.Palabras clave: prueba t, monotonía, estabilidad. AbstractStudent's t statistic is not a monotonic function of the difference between x and µ 0 , since it is modified by alterations in the data that also affect the value of the variance. In this paper the property is used to analyze the stability of the test when the p-value is close to the significance level.Key words: t Statistic, Monotonicity, Stability. IntroducciónEn la aplicación de la prueba t, la decisión de rechazo de la hipótesis nula se toma con base en el valor-p, calculado con los datos de la muestra observada, o a partir de la posición del valor de la estadística fuera del intervalo conocido como la región de aceptación. Por lo general, los estudios que abordan el tema de la calidad de las pruebas se centran en el comportamiento de la función de potencia. En algunos, sólo se trata el caso particular correspondiente a µ X = µ 0 , considerando que la prueba se comporta bien si la proporción de rechazos de H 0 : µ X = µ 0 coincide

ResumenLas pruebas aleatorizadas se encuentan bien documentadas teóricamente, pero son poco usadas en las aplicaciones prácticas. Las computadoras han abierto las puertas a los métodos basados en la generación de números aleatorios para construir procedimientos de análisis estadísticos. En este artículo se presenta en detalle la prueba hipergeométrica aleatorizada para ilustrar su utilidad en cuanto al acercamiento del tamaño de la pruebas con estadísticas discretas a los niveles de significación usuales.Palabras clave: pruebas aleatorizadas, prueba hipergeométrica, tamaño de la prueba, nivel de significación, error tipo I. AbstractRandomized tests are well documented in theory, but are rarely used in practical applications. With the computers, many methods based on random number generation to build statistical analysis procedures have been developed. In this article we present in detail the hypergeometric randomized test to illustrate its usefulness in terms of approaching the size of hypotheses tests based on discrete statistics to the usual significance levels.