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Epstein Barr virus (EBV) primoinfection may contribute to the development of post-mononucleosis lymphomas in EBV-seronegative adult males with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) under thiopurine therapy, but data on children are sparse. Knowledge of the EBV status may influence the type of surveillance and therapy in a group particularly vulnerable to the occurrence of EBV primoinfection. We aimed to determine the EBV status at diagnosis, the primoinfection rate, and complications in a pediatric Portuguese population with IBD. Method: This was a retrospective analysis of clinical records of pediatric patients with IBD. Demographic data, EBV status, as well as clinical and therapeutic data on primoinfection were collected. Results: Of the 250 patients evaluated, 229 (91.6%) had documented EBV screening and 50.8% were

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