ABSTRACT. A tailings dam is designed to operate under steady state flow conditions. An unconventional flow regime can be a threat to the integrity of its structure. In this sense, a correct geological-geotechnical investigation becomes a constant necessity, either by conventional mechanisms or even with the use of geophysical techniques. Geophysical methods play an important role in a geological description, in the mapping of flows and in monitoring changes over time. This paper presents the results of an investigation of the poledipole arrangements in Peru in lead, zinc, silver, and copper polymetallic ore mine with a height of 4,700 meters with the principal goal of to know the thickness of the anthropic sediment of the tailings deposit. The mine has an old tailings dam, where the electrical method was used by tomography to delineate possible areas of infiltration, to allow the mine closure plan required by the competent authorities, aiming, in the long term, the lowest risk to safety and health of the population, in addition to mitigating the associated environmental impacts. Keywords: dam, tailings, electrical tomography, mining geophysics. RESUMO. Uma barragem de rejeitos é projetada para operar sob condições de fluxo em estado estacionário. Um regime de fluxo não convencional pode ser uma ameaça à integridade de sua estrutura. Nesse sentido, uma correta investigação geológico-geotécnica tornase uma necessidade constante, seja por mecanismos convencionais ou mesmo com o uso de técnicas geofísicas. Os métodos geofísicos desempenham um papel importante em uma descrição geológica, no mapeamento de fluxos e no monitoramento de mudanças ao longo do tempo. Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma investigação dos arranjos pólo-dipolo no Peru em uma mina de minério polimetálico de chumbo, zinco, prata e cobre, com uma altura de 4.700 metros, com o objetivo principal de conhecer a espessura do sedimento antrópico de uma antiga barragem de rejeitos. Esta barragem, onde o método elétrico foi utilizado pela tomografia elétrica para delinear possíveis áreas de infiltração, para permitir o plano de fechamento da mina exigido pelas autoridades competentes, visando, a longo prazo, o menor risco à segurança e saúde da população, além de mitigar os impactos ambientais associados.Palavras-chave: barragem, rejeitos, tomografia elétrica, geofísica de mineração.
ABSTRACT. Huamantanga located approximately 3390 msnm in the central highlands of Peru, a district that promotes the sowing and harvesting of water called “mamanteo”, Inca ancestral water management technique to derive water from a ravine during the rainy season, to places with a high infiltration. On the other hand the construction of a dam, named with the same name, was built for the storage water due to the increase of the agrarian activities, nevertheless worrisome leaks were observed by which electrical resistivity tomography in these possible zones were realized Distributed four profiles, one parallel to the axis of the dam, 10 to 15 meters upstream of the first profile, on the outer slope and the fourth profile approximately 10 meters above the spring. In this way, the resistivity measurements were performed for each of the four lines of Tomographic Electric, in order to obtain detailed information of the stratigraphy in the study area and to identify the georesistive anomalies caused by tectonic or geological faults, Reflect as areas of low resistivities or anomalies. Analyzed the area of study were found considerable local fractures which were recommended to be quickly waterproofed because the risk of infiltrations is latent. Keywords: infiltration, fracture, geophysical investigation, electrical method. RESUMO. Huamantanga localizado aproximadamente a 3390 msnm no centro da serra do Peru, distrito que promove o cultivo e colheita de água chamado de “mamanteo”, atividade incaica para derivar um fluxo de água durante a estação chuvosa, para locais com alta infiltração. Além disso, a construção de uma barragem, chamado pelo mesmo nome, foi construído para armazenar água devido ao aumento das atividades agrícolas, foram observados, no entanto vazamentos preocupantes foram observados para os quais foram realizados Tomografia Eléctrica nessas áreas potenciais, foram distribuído quatro perfis, uma paralela ao eixo da barragem de 10 a 15 metros a montante a partir do primeiro perfil, no lado exterior e o quarto perfil aproximadamente 10 metros acima da fonte de água. Assim, as medições de resistividade foram feitas para cada uma das 4 linhas de Tomografia Eléctrica, a fim de obter informações pormenorizadas sobre a estratigrafia na área de estudo e identificar anomalias georesistivas causadas por tectônismo ou falhas geológicas, que refletem como áreas de resistividades tão baixas ou anomalias. Analisada a área de estudo foram encontrados fratura locais consideráveis, que foram recomendadas a ser impermeabilizadas rapidamente, porque o risco de infiltrações é latente. Palavras-chave: infiltração, fratura, investigação geofísica, método elétrico.
Contents of this paper were reviewed by the Technical Committee of the 16 th International Congress of the Brazilian Geophysical Society and do not necessarily represent any position of the SBGf, its officers or members. Electronic reproduction or storage of any part of this paper for commercial purposes without the written consent of the Brazilian Geophysical Society is prohibited.
Impermeability is one of the main objectives in the construction of a dam, and its control over its operation becomes a constant need to ensure the supply of water for irrigation of land and protect agricultural production. Quipan has three dams located at an approximate height of 3550 masl, where a geophysical investigation was developed by measurements of electrical resistivity with a pole-dipole configuration with a set of linear electrodes. With a focused character to obtain detailed information of the stratigraphy where the foundations are located and to identify the zones of weakening in the axis of the dam, in this way to have the diagnosis of the tightness of the same, which assumes that at adjacent points the variation of the resistivity cannot exceed ± 25%, in case of major variations, a list of points to which the data collection, in case of coincidence the value is taken as true or is replaced, and those made in the cabinet with the use of Res2Dinv software for the processing of the field data. Concluded the hydraulic pressure and erosion are generating deterioration in the structure, it is even possible to highlight that the seismic activity of the area has compromised to reduce the structure resistance.
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