AbstractThe relationship between grain angle and wood properties has not been focus of researches in wood industry. The aim of this study was to establish grain angle variations in commercial Eucalyptus logs and their effects on physical-mechanical wood properties. Wood maximum angular deviation (MAD) was correlated with density, volumetric shrinkage, compressive strength parallel to grain, flexural strength and stiffness as determined by bending and acoustic methods in wood of seven Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla clones at 13 years old. The relationship between MAD at pith-bark and base-top positions and its effect on the physical and mechanical properties were evaluated. Amplitude of MAD values was small for the seven clones, and the mean was 6.2°. The grain deviation decreased by only 8% in base-top direction, and the correlations among MAD and three logs heights were small and negative (r = −0.13). MAD values presented an increasing trend of 33% in pith-bark direction, with a small positive correlation (r = 0.42). Basic density (BD) presented a significant correlation with the MAD (r = 26). There was no significant correlation between the MAD and volumetric shrinkage, mechanical properties and modulus of elasticity dynamic (determined by stress wave timer, ultrasound or transverse vibration).
Propõe-se, com este estudo avaliar a alteração da cor das madeiras de Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. e Eucalyptus pilularis Smith, após serem submetidas ao ataque dos fungos apodrecedores Ganoderma applanatum e Gloeophyllum striatum, em comparação com suas cores naturais determinadas anteriormente ao ataque desses fungos, verificar a existência de um padrão de cor para fungos de podridão-branca e parda nas espécies E. pilularis e E. camaldulensis e analisar a relação entre a perda de massa e a massa específica básica das espécies estudadas. De cada espécie foram retiradas amostras para determinação da massa específica básica e para a determinação da cor, antes e após o ataque dos fungos. Após o ataque, o padrão de cor oliva amarelado das madeiras estudadas não se alterou, apesar das espécies apresentarem coloração mais escura. Para o E. camaldulensis não se observou uma relação entre a variação da massa específica básica e a perda de massa ao longo da árvore. Constatou-se para o E. pilularis, um aumento na perda de massa no sentido base-topo, independentemente da relação entre a variação da massa específica básica e a perda de massa ao longo da árvore. Ambas as espécies foram classificadas como altamente resistentes.
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